Mathematical Formulas and Helpful Hints to aid you with your projects. Please note that the formulas are approximate and will vary depending on the size of the stone, how level the area measured truly is, and other mitigating factors. All formulas should be calculated using feet unless otherwise indicated. Black Top (sold by the ton) 1 ton will cover 17 square yards @ 1” thick Formula: Length x Width x Depth (in inches) divided by 9 divided by 17. Stone (sold by the ton) 1 ton covers 100sq ft 2” deep Formula: Length x Width x Depth (in inches) divided by 200 Mulch (sold by the yard) 1 yard will cover 200sq ft at 1” deep Formula: Length x Width x Depth (in inches) divided by 10 divided by 27 Topsoil (sold by the ton unless 20 yards or more are needed) Formula: Length x Width x (Depth in inches x .084) divided by 27 equals yards needed Formula: Take the answer arrived at above and multiply by 1.25 to arrive at the approximate tons needed. Wallstone/Fieldstone On average, 1 pallet will cover 20-30 running feet 8 to 10 inches high. Or 1 ton of stone makes a 1-foot tall wall 12 to 15 running feet. Most pallets weigh about a 1 ½ tons Tanks/Cans A 275 gallon tanks holds 1.75 tons of sand 1 cubic yards of sand will fill about 188 1-gallon containers Useful standard formulas used for conversion Circumference of a circle 3.14 x diameter Area of circle: 3.14 x radius squared or .785 x diameter squared Area of a triangle: Base x height divided by 2